Comic books in 'Cowboy'

Stories and art by Carl Pfeufer and others. Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. Tom must figure out what superhuman being could have bent solid iron bars and broken into the Dobie Bank. Van Kurt's gang of "landgrabbers" is burning settlers' homes, to force them into selling their land. Tom has a vivid dream of coming across a stagecoach robbery, but no one on the stage remembers a robbery. Plus a vintage ad for View-Master, featuring Roy Rogers, Hopalong Cassidy, Gene Autry, The Cisco Kid and Pancho. The Dobie Terror; Roundup Time With Tom Mix; Tumbleweed Jr.: The Magic Moccasins; The Ride to Disaster; Fightin' Forbes: Secret Message; Bullets of Hate; The Longhorn Killer; Cowboy Cal; The Dream of Death. 48 pages, Full Color. Cover price $0.10.

Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. When a hundred-year-old land deed is destroyed, outlaws set a dangerous plan into motion. A mastermind thinks he's got a foolproof robbery plan, as his cohorts never speak or meet until it's time for the crime. Tom witnesses a murder, then tries to figure out why the victim is a Native American dressed in ill-fitting cowboy garb. The One Hundred Year Old Deed; Roundup Time With Tom Mix; Tumbleweed Jr. Gets His Goat; Cowboy Cal; Saddlehead; The Perfect Set-Up; Fightin' Forbes: Warning to Snoopers; The Indian in the Cowboy Suit. 32 pages, Full Color. Cover price $0.10.

Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. Tom investigates house robberies and discovers that the burglar is entering the houses inside rolled-up carpets, a new twist if ever there was one. Tom volunteers to rescue a kid's toy from a hurricane-swept ghost town, and finds danger and adventure. Tom tries to figure out how pelts are being stolen from a fur shop without a sign of breaking and entering. The Baffling Robberies; The Promise!; Tumbleweed Jr.: The Big Game Hunter!; Saddlehead; Fightin' Forbes: Barrel Bank; The Vanishing Skins! 32 pages, Full Color. Cover price $0.10.

Stories and art by Carl Pfeufer and others. Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. In a three-part story, Tom gets wind of a letter that can prove a powerful bandit leader is in cahoots with the town mayor. But the bandit and his men will stop at nothing to get that letter. Tom must escape a crossfire aimed at the rooftop where he's hiding to get the goods on the bandit king. The Secret Letter: Part 1: Costume of Death; The Promise!; Roundup Time With Tom Mix; Tumbleweed Jr.: The Mischievous Squirrel; Saddlehead; Cowboy Cal; Part 2: Trapped; Fightin' Forbes: Blackjack; Part 3: Riders on the Trail! 32 pages, Full Color. Cover price $0.10.

Stories and art by Carl Pfeufer and others. Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. Tom becomes a newspaper reporter to help spread information, but someone doesn't want him going to press. An elderly murder victim and a few lines on a fire-scorched piece of paper lead Tom to the deadly Masked Evil. Plus an edu-comic on nature with nice mountain lion art. And a vintage ad for Tom Mix merch in exchange for Ralston-Purina box tops, including glow-in-the-dark spurs and belt. The Prairie Blackmail; Roundup Time With Tom Mix; Tumbleweed Jr.: Bowling Blues; Saddlehead; Cowboy Cal; Fightin' Forbes: Last Gamble; The Masked Evil. 32 pages, Full Color. Cover price $0.10.

Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. The town of Dobie is chosen for the site of a new federal arsenal, but a local pyromaniac threatens both the arsenal and the town. Tom inspires disabled Slim to believe in his own power and determination. A crooked ranch hand thinks a party is the perfect chance for a little safecracking, but by the time Tom Mix finds him, it's turned to murder. And a vintage ad for Tom Mix merch in exchange for Ralston-Purina box tops, including glow-in-the-dark spurs and belt. The Road Back; Roundup Time With Tom Mix; Firebrands of Doom; Small Town Smalley; Tumbleweed Jr.: A Log Jam; Saddlehead; Cowboy Cal; Fightin' Forbes: Badman Siege; The Unexpected Visit. 32 pages, Full Color. Cover price $0.10.

Stories and art by Carl Pfeufer and others. Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. In a three-part story, Tom must ride fast to protect the township when a hurricane strikes. In an action-packed sequence, he takes to a boat in raging floodwaters, then must abandon ship when a lightning strike sets the boat on fire. Then he must avoid a rockslide to warn the town that the dam is collapsing! And a vintage ad for Tom Mix merch in exchange for Ralston-Purina box tops, including glow-in-the-dark spurs and belt. The Rampaging Elements: Part 1: Death Island; Roundup Time With Tom Mix; Part 2: Hazardous Journey; Hoghead Harry; Tumbleweed Jr.: Magic in the Air; Saddlehead; Cowboy Cal; Fightin' Forbes: Necktie Party; Part 3: Passage to Safety; Pinto Pete; Evers the Englishman. 32 pages, Full Color. Cover price $0.10.

Stories and art by Carl Pfeufer and others. Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. Tom is determined to track down the Missing Killer, and five years later, he finally gets his chance. In another story, an errant pair of eyeglasses gives Tom the clue to identifying a killer. An undertaker claims he killed the fugitive robber Hoot Mondy - but then why is his coffin filled with stolen gold? And a vintage ad for Tom Mix merch in exchange for Ralston-Purina box tops, including glow-in-the-dark spurs and belt. The Missing Killer!; Roundup Time With Tom Mix; Blind Date with Death!; Tumbleweed Jr.: His Infuriating Friend!; Saddlehead; Cowboy Cal; Fightin' Forbes: Gold Cache; The Golden Double Cross. 32 pages, Full Color. Cover price $0.10.

Stories and art by Carl Pfeufer and others. Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. In a two-part story, Tom investigates robberies of pack trains in the Pecos Valley. But the murder of the local sheriff points to an unlikely suspect. Tom pursues the ruthless killers into the Garnett Valley. And a vintage ad for Mark Trail magazine, a boys' magazine featuring the popular comic-strip naturalist. The Pack Train Mystery: Chapter 1: Shots in the Night; Roundup Time With Tom Mix; Chapter 2: A Killer Stalks the Night!; Tumbleweed Jr.: Rolling Along; Saddlehead; Cowboy Cal; Fightin' Forbes: Teaching Toughy; The Red Beard Bandit. 32 pages, Full Color. Cover price $0.10.

Add to cart GD/VG 3.0 $5.60

Stories and art by Carl Pfeufer and others. Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. In a three-part story, Tom discovers the neighboring town of Pine Creek Hollow is being torn apart by a range war. Captured, Tom can only hope to escape and reach the Bull Run ranch, and its nearby water hole, before the bad guys do. In desperation, Tom sends a stampede directly at the ranch house. Range War Part 1: The Pine Creek Hollow Route; Roundup Time With Tom Mix; Part 2: Death Chasm!; Tumbleweed Jr.: The Birthday Present; Saddlehead; Cowboy Cal; Fightin' Forbes: Six Aces; Pinto Pete; Part 3: The Battle. 32 pages, Full Color. Cover price $0.10.

Add to cart GD+ 2.5 $4.80

Stories and art by Carl Pfeufer and others. Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. Tom tries to convince the owner of deadly Earthquake Pass to let the town build a safer road through his property. Tom joins the search for a jeweled treasure hidden somewhere in the Dobie Caves. The bored editor of Dobie's newspaper, the "Daily Bugle," creates a dangerous rumor to spice up a slow news day. Death Pass of Earthquake Hills; Roundup Time With Tom Mix; Body Guard to Danger!; Tumbleweed Jr.: The Dangerous Race; Buff's Vacation; Fightin' Forbes: Big Mike; Fugitive to Injustice. 32 pages, Full Color. Cover price $0.10.

Stories and art by Carl Pfeufer and others. Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. The Dexter Brothers recruit a new gang by starting a barroom brawl in the Black Cat Tavern, in a story featuring some hilarious "1960s Batman"-style fight scenes. In the second part of a two-part story, a blow to the head gives Tom amnesia, and he is recruited into the Dexter Brothers Gang. In another story, a mysterious figure with a walrus mustache wants the famous landscape painting by artist "Al Fresco" that is on loan to Dobie's art museum. The Black Void Part 1: Dangerous Encounter; Roundup Time With Tom Mix; Jeeter; Part 2: Fight for Survival; Tumbleweed Jr.: The Dangerous Race; Saddlehead; Cowboy Cal; Fightin' Forbes: Flying Fists; Gopher-Face; The Missing Countryside. 32 pages, Full Color. Cover price $0.10.

Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. In a three-part story, the town of Huckster Flats can't keep a sheriff because of the Rattler's deadly outlaw gang. When Tom volunteers to be the new sheriff, he finds himself targeted by a posse who thinks Tom is part of the gang. Then he sets out to discover the Rattler's true identity. Tom Mix and the Rattler! Part 1: Invitation to Death!; Roundup Time With Tom Mix; Part 2: The Trail of the Dried Beans; Tumbleweed Jr.: The Prize Winner; Saddlehead; Cowboy Cal; Fightin' Forbes: Wooden Witnesses; Part 3: The Empty Closet! 32 pages, Full Color. Cover price $0.10.

Add to cart VG- 3.5 $6.40

Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. When a dispute over a watering hole leads to murder, a chalk "X" on a coat points Tom Mix to the killer, much like in the classic movie "M." Outlaw Rex realizes he can seize the Harris family farm for himself because a proper deed was never filed on it. Trying to evade Tom Mix, a killer hides out in an ornamental suit of armor, leading to a clanking cowboy-knight fight. The Sign of the Killer; Roundup Time With Tom Mix; The Unrecorded Deed; Tumbleweed Jr.: The Race; Cactus Brain; Saddlehead; Cowboy Cal; Fightin' Forbes: Frame-Up; The Treasure of Doom. 32 pages, Full Color. Cover price $0.10.

Add to cart VG 4.0 $12.75 View scan

Add to cart VG 4.0 $12.75 View scan

Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. A con man swindles a small fortune by claiming to be Tom Mix's brother, but his telltale spurs give him away. A ranch hand sees a dispute between Tom and his cranky neighbor as the perfect opportunity to commit robbery-murder and frame Tom for it. Tom races to free a witness captured by two outlaws before he can put them away. The Deadly Spurs; The Murderers' Quest; The Trial of Tom Mix; Tumbleweed Jr.: The Race; Jeeter; Saddlehead; Cowboy Cal; Fightin' Forbes: Dead Man's Tale; Hoghead Harry. 32 pages, Full Color. Cover price $0.10.

Add to cart VG 4.0 $12.75 View scan

Add to cart VG 4.0 $12.75 View scan

Add to cart Good $4.00

Stories and art by Carl Pfeufer and Chad Grothkropf. Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. Tom must run for his life when he comes into possession of a camera that reveals the identities of the Red Mask Gang. Tom escorts a valuable race horse to its new owner, so outlaws enlist the aid of a man who hates Tom Mix. Tom tracks the outlaws who are smuggling "dope" into Dobie. Plus a vintage ad for a "jet glow" decoder belt and "cosmic smoke" ray gun based on TV's Space Patrol. The Deadly Camera; Double Motive Revenge; Tumbleweed Jr.: The Race; Jeeter; Saddlehead; Cowboy Cal; Fightin' Forbes: Branding Iron; Rawhide Hotchkiss: The Bum Steer; The Cursed Dobie Dope Ring. 32 pages, Full Color. Cover price $0.10.

Stories and art by Carl Pfeufer and others. Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. In a two-part story, Tom Mix's new neighbor is injured by robbers. Tom pursues them and falls into a trap they have rigged under a boulder. Target For Plunder, Chapter 1: The Sign of the Jinx; Chapter 2: The Doomed Exhibition; Jeeter: Silence Is Golden; Mule Ears; Cowboy Cal; Fightin' Forbes: Threat and Promise; Brainy Buster; Dimwit Diddle; The Open Safe. 32 pages, Full Color. Cover price $0.10.

Stories and art by Carl Pfeufer and others. Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. In a two-part story, Tom tracks the serial killer known as the Mad Killer of the Hills, who kills not for money but for the thrill of it. Tom pursues him deep into the desert, where it comes down to a hand-to-hand struggle to the death. Outlaws target Tom when they learn he's holding on to a prospector's priceless diamond. Plus a vintage ad for a "jet glow" decoder belt and "cosmic smoke" ray gun based on TV's Space Patrol. The Mad Killer of the Hills, Chapter 1: The Trail of the Dead; Chapter 2: The Sip of Death; Jeeter: The Expected Journey; Cowboy Cal; Saddlehead; Fightin' Forbes: Dangerous Clud; Brainy Buster; The Double-Dealing Diamond Desperadoes. 32 pages, Full Color. Cover price $0.10.

Add to cart VG- 3.5 $95.00 View scan Double cover. Consignment. 3% buyer's premium charged at checkout. Graded by MCS, not consignor.

Stories and art by Carl Pfeufer and others. Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. In a two-part story, a fugitive killer takes over a Forest Ranger station. But when a fire breaks out, the forest is unprotected, and Tom must battle a disaster in the making as well as find the killer. In another story, Tom races to deliver a vaccine to a plague-infected area, but outlaws seeing him think he must be carrying valuables. The End of the Trail, Part I: Havoc in the Timber Woods; Cowboy Cal; Saddlehead; Part II: The Blazing Inferno; Trapped!; Jeeter and His Talking Horse Preposterous: A Night Time Fable; Fightin' Forbes: Brave Man; Tom Mix and the Package of Doom. 32 pages, Full Color. Cover price $0.10.

Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. When rustled cattle vanish without a trace, the cowboys suspect ghosts, but Tom's not so sure. In a two-part story, Tom realizes that outlaws are using his own ranch as a place to store stolen weapons, because who would suspect Tom Mix's ranch? Tom races to rescue a professor who has been abducted by spies. Unlucky Harry; The Dobie Spy Scare; Saddlehead; Pinto Pete; The Rustler's Ghost; Lost In the Night: Chapter 1: The Hide-Out!; Jeeter and His Talking Horse Preposterous: Batter, Butter or Butter Batter; Chapter 2: The Mountain Escapade. Final issue of the series. 32 pages, Full Color. Cover price $0.10.

Add to cart Fine $3.00

Add to cart Fine $3.00

Add to cart Very Good $2.50

Art by Carl Pfeufer and John Jordan. Cover photo of Tom Mix. AC Comics reprints classic Western stories featuring the biggest cowboy star of the silent movie era, Tom Mix. Tom tries to rescue a stagecoach driver accused of stealing gold dust by finding the real thief; Three men try to do away with Tom before he can report a gold claim to the governors office; Tom tries to protect a judge who has been marked for death by an escaped convict. Plus coverage of the Tom Mix film festival. Bushwacked; The Strong Box Mystery; Tom Mix Festival; The Shadows of the Grave!; The Justice Killer. 40 pages, B&W. Cover price $2.95.

Add to cart Very Fine $4.00

Add to cart Fine $3.00

Add to cart Fine $3.00

Add to cart Good $2.50

Art by Leonard Frank, Carl Pfeufer and John Jordan. Cover photo of Tom Mix. AC Comics reprints classic Western stories featuring the biggest cowboy star of the silent movie era, Tom Mix. Vintage Tom Mix tales that originally appeared in Fawcett Comics, drawn by Carl Pfeufer and John Jordan, plus one by Leonard Frank. Also, a backup story featuring king of the sidekicks Gabby Hayes aiding a damsel in distress. Concrete Death; The Cattle Thieves in the Night; Gabby Hayes: Bull in a China Shoppe; Bondage in the West. 32 pages, B&W. Cover price $2.95.

Add to cart Very Fine $2.60

Add to cart Fine $2.50

Add to cart Fine $2.50

Art by Carl Pfeufer and John Jordan. Cover by Bill Black and Mark Heike. AC Comics reprints classic Western stories featuring the biggest cowboy star of the silent movie era, Tom Mix. This special issue focuses on vintage Fawcett Comics stories linked to holidays, including Halloween, Thanksgiving, Christmas, New Years and the Fourth of July. The Witch of Shallow Gulch; The Terror of the Turkey Rustlers; The Christmas Pies of Death!; The New Year's Resolution; The Crushing Empire. 40 pages, B&W. Cover price $3.50.

Full length story, "Skunkheart's Reign of Terror." Painted cover. Cover price $0.10.

"Tom Mix Faces Dishonor," "Hero Without Glory," "The Great Mail Fraud," and "The Blackmailer." Cover price $0.10.

Reprints from US Fawcett and US Charlton Comics. 32 pages, B&W, 7.25" x 10.25"

Add to cart FN- 5.5 $26.00 View scans

B&W British Edition published by L. Miller & Son. Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. When a hundred-year-old land deed is destroyed, outlaws set a dangerous plan into motion. A mastermind thinks he's got a foolproof robbery plan, as his cohorts never speak or meet until it's time for the crime. Tom witnesses a murder, then tries to figure out why the victim is a Native American dressed in ill-fitting cowboy garb. The One Hundred Year Old Deed; Roundup Time With Tom Mix; Tumbleweed Jr. Gets His Goat; Cowboy Cal; Saddlehead; The Perfect Set-Up; Fightin' Forbes: Warning to Snoopers; The Indian in the Cowboy Suit. 24 pages, B&W.

Published 1954 (est.) by L. Miller & Sons. B&W British Edition published by L. Miller & Son. Stories and art by Carl Pfeufer and others. Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. In a two-part story, Tom Mix's new neighbor is injured by robbers. Tom pursues them and falls into a trap they have rigged under a boulder. Target for Plunder, Chapter 1: The Sign of the Jinx; Chapter 2: The Doomed Exhibition; Jeeter: Silence Is Golden; Mule Ears; Cowboy Cal; Fightin' Forbes: Threat and Promise; Brainy Buster; Dimwit Diddle; The Open Safe. 24 pages, B&W.

32 pages, Full Color.

32 pages, Full Color.

Published 1953 (est.) by L. Miller & Sons. B&W British Edition published by L. Miller & Son. Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. When rustled cattle vanish without a trace, the cowboys suspect ghosts, but Tom's not so sure. In a two-part story, Tom realizes that outlaws are using his own ranch as a place to store stolen weapons, because who would suspect Tom Mix's ranch? Tom races to rescue a professor who has been abducted by spies. Unlucky Harry; The Dobie Spy Scare; Saddlehead; Pinto Pete; The Rustler's Ghost; Lost In the Night: Chapter 1: The Hide-Out!; Jeeter and His Talking Horse Preposterous: Batter, Butter or Butter Batter; Chapter 2: The Mountain Escapade. 24 pages, B&W.

3 Tom Mix stories. 7.25-in. x 9.5-in.; black and white; 24 pages. No date (1950s?).

3 Tom Mix stories. 7.25-in. x 9.5-in.; black and white; 24 pages. No date (1950s?).

3 Tom Mix stories. 7.25-in. x 9.5-in.; black and white; 24 pages. No date (1950s?).

Published 1953 (est.) by L. Miller & Sons. B&W British Edition published by L. Miller & Son. Silent-movie cowboy Tom Mix became a pop-culture icon with his 1940s radio show and this tie-in comic. Outlaws swindle a man out of his gold mine, but when it turns out to be fool's gold, they're not laughing. Tom Mix goes undercover as a lumberjack at a northwestern lumber camp to track outlaws hiding out in the lawless forest. The Swindler's Revenge; Tumbleweed Jr.: The Olympian!; South of the Timberline; Sam the Sheriff: The Give-A-Way! 24 pages, B&W.

Add to cart GD 2.0 $5.60 View scan Cover detached.

3 Tom Mix stories. 7-1/8 in. x 9-7/8in.; black and white; 24 pages. No date (1950s?).

Add to cart VG 4.0 $9.00 View scan

3 Tom Mix stories plus Tumbleweed Jr. backup. 7 in. x 9-7/8 in.; black and white; 24 pages. No date (1950s?).

Add to cart FR/GD 1.5 $5.50 View scan 3 1/2" cumulative spine split.

3 Tom Mix stories plus Tumbleweed Jr. backup. 7 in. x 9-7/8 in.; black and white; 24 pages. No date (1950s?).

Add to cart VG- 3.5 $8.00 View scan

3 Tom Mix stories plus Tumbleweed Jr. backup. 7 in. x 9-7/8 in.; black and white; 24 pages. No date (1950s?).

Add to cart Very Fine $2.50

Add to cart Fine $2.50

WRITTEN BY ALAN MOORE; ART BY CHRIS SPROUSE, ALAN WEISS AND AL GORDON; COVER BY WEISS It's the wildest West you've ever seen in an issue featuring three stories of America's greatest science hero! Now that Tom's time-twisting adventure is over, guest-artist Alan Weiss (BATMAN: THE BLUE, THE GREY, AND THE BAT, Steelgrip Starkey) comes onboard for this issue's cover and lead story, as Tom and King Solomon put on their spurs and Stetsons to become "Riders of the Lost Mesa!" FC, 32 PG. Cover price $2.95.

Add to cart Very Fine $2.50

Add to cart Very Fine $2.50

Written by Fiona Kai Avery. Art by Manny Clark and Marlo Alquiza. Cover by Billy Tan. "The Low Down" - This small Australian town isn't big enough for the two of them. Lara Croft begins her digging into the mystery of the stolen Maori Dream-Spear. Finding the right information will come only after she agrees to a duel shoot-out with the man who knows what she's looking for. It seems that Down Under, Lara is wanted more dead than alive! FC, 32pg. Cover price $2.99.

Add to cart FN 6.0 $5.60 View scan

Vol. 3 # 7. Fanzine that focuses on helping writers by providing information about writers markets. Gary Tiner front cover. Edited by Paul Swan. 5.5-in. x 8.5-in.; black and white; 40 pages.

Add to cart Very Fine $2.50

Add to cart Very Fine $2.50

Written by Alan Moore; art and cover by Gene Ha and Zander Cannon In stores August 11. It's the day after Toybox's first day at the new job and things are routine, strictly routine. There's a minor traffic accident ? involving a blind cabbie ? and the usual problems with the gangs in South Green; Girl One turns out to be wearing less than regulation uniform; and Kelmo Caesar gets punched out in the canteen. Other than that, it's a slow day at Precinct Ten. There's reportedly a body in an alley down North Hockney way, but it's probably just some wino. Come on, keep it moving. There's nothing to see here. FC, 32 pg.$2.95" Cover price $2.95.

No issue number. Bill Boyd stars in "The Odd Rustlers" and "The Meal of Malice." Hopalong cassidy stars in "Prairie Jones' Tall Tale." Whitney Whiskers stars in "Puppy Love." Cover price $0.10.

Add to cart GD/VG 3.0 $2.50

Add to cart GD- 1.8 $2.50

Reprints Porky Pig #14. "The Perils of Pumpernickel."